Air Pollution in Delhi-NCR: Diwali Woes and Solutions

Air Quality Deteriorates Ahead of Diwali

As the festive season of Diwali approaches, the air quality in Delhi-NCR is reaching alarming levels. The region is grappling with escalating pollution, exacerbated by the onset of cooler weather. Over the past few days, the Air Quality Index (AQI) has plummeted into the "very poor" category, causing significant health concerns for residents.

According to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), as of October 21, 2024, the average AQI recorded in Delhi was a staggering 277, while several areas, including Ghaziabad and Noida, have reported levels exceeding 300. This is particularly troubling as Diwali, scheduled for October 31, is expected to worsen the situation further.

AQI Levels Across NCR

In a detailed report by the CPCB, the following AQI levels were observed:

• Delhi: 300 (Very Poor)
• Ghaziabad: 311 (Very Poor)
• Noida: 288 (Very Poor)
• Faridabad: 250 (Poor)
• Gurugram: 245 (Poor)

These figures highlight the urgent need for action as residents brace themselves for the health impacts of rising pollution levels.

Why is Pollution Increasing?

Pollution levels typically surge during the winter months, and several factors contribute to this rise:

• Decreased Wind Speed: Reduced air circulation leads to the stagnation of pollutants.
• Falling Temperatures: Colder weather can trap pollutants closer to the ground.
• High Humidity Levels: Increased moisture in the air aids the accumulation of particulate matter.
• Stubble Burning: Although recent reports indicate a decrease in stubble burning incidents, its residual effects still pose a challenge.

Health Risks and Precautionary Measures

The rise in pollution levels poses serious health risks, particularly for vulnerable populations, including the elderly and children under five. Here are some essential precautions recommended by health experts:

1. Limit Outdoor Activities: Stay indoors as much as possible, especially during peak pollution hours.
2. Wear Masks: If going outside is unavoidable, wearing an N-95 mask can help reduce inhalation of harmful particles.
3. Use Air Purifiers: Indoor air quality can be improved by using HEPA air purifiers.
4. Consult Doctors: Individuals with pre-existing respiratory or cardiovascular conditions should remain in close contact with their healthcare providers.
5. Cook Safely: Opt for smoke-free cooking methods to minimize indoor pollution.

If symptoms such as difficulty breathing or eye irritation occur, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately.

Decline in Stubble Burning

Recent data shows a decline in stubble burning incidents in states like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh, which is a positive sign for air quality improvement. Between September 15 and October 19, a total of 2,733 incidents were recorded, significantly lower than in previous years. Specific numbers include:

• Punjab: 1,393 incidents
• Haryana: 642 incidents
• Uttar Pradesh: 687 incidents
• Delhi: 11 incidents

Conclusion

With Diwali just around the corner, the rising air pollution levels in Delhi-NCR present a significant public health challenge. It is imperative for residents to take necessary precautions to safeguard their health and contribute to collective efforts to reduce pollution. Authorities and individuals must work hand in hand to tackle this pressing issue, ensuring a safer and healthier environment for all.